Fossil specimens of plants

HACKBERRY LEAF

Age: 45 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Green River Formation, Wyoming, USA

Hackberries are generally medium-sized trees, reaching a height of 10 to 25 meters (33 to 82 feet).

Like all other plants, hackberries have always remained as hackberries, as is testified by the fossil record. All hackberry fossils unearthed to date reveal that the hackberries of today are identical with those that lived tens of millions of years ago. This exact similarity refutes the theory of evolution.

FERN

Age: 300 million years
Period: Westphalian B., Duckmantian, Upper Carboniferous
Location: Crock Hey Open Cast Quarry, Wigan, Lancashire, United Kingdom

Fossil record proves that plants, like all other living beings, have undergone no evolutionary process. Ferns that lived 300 million years ago are completely identical to contemporary ones, in both their structure and appearance. This identity renders evolution impossible, revealing Creation as a scientifically obvious fact. All-Mighty God created all living beings flawlessly and completely, with all their current features intact, which fact is also supported by the fossil record.

BEECH

Age: 50 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

Beeches, of the Fagaceae family, are native to temperate Europe, Asia and North America. Fossil record affords one of the most striking evidence proving that these trees have never undergone evolution. Beeches, whose traces always appear with the same features in the fossil record, have not undergone the slightest change for tens of millions of years, which shows that these trees did not gradually evolve from any other plant. With His superior wisdom, our Lord created the beech perfectly, as with all other living species, and with no prior examples.

ZELKOVA LEAF

Age: 50 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

Having accepted evolution as their primary dogma and “pushing” plants to comply with their evolutionary scenario—despite their total lack of qualifications to do so—Darwinists are reluctant to admit that fossil record runs against their theory. Furthermore, they make meticulous efforts to hide this fact from the public. One of the evidence showing that fossil plants go against evolutionary explanations is the 50-million-year-old fossil zelkova leaf pictured. Zelkovas that are 50 million years old are identical to contemporary ones. This piece of information alone is enough to render the theory of evolution invalid.

GINKGO LEAF

Age: 50 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

Ginkgo tree dates back some 250 million years. The first to name these plants as “the living fossils” was Charles Darwin. Aware that ginkgo leaves posed a threat to his theory, Darwin definitely never expected that this threat would be supported by millions of other living fossils that would come to light in the following years. While one single living fossil specimen made Darwin reach a deadlock, Darwinists today must explain millions of flawless specimens. The 50-million-year-old ginkgo leaf pictured is just one of these examples.

ELM LEAF WITH SECTION OF BRANCH

Age: 54-37 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

In the fossil record, there exists not a single specimen revealing that one species of plant has come into being by evolving from another species by a series of minor changes. Countless fossil specimens unearthed reveal that every plant has been created with features of its own, and that it has remained unchanged as long as the species existed. One of the findings that prove this fact is this 54- to 37-million-year-old elm leaf fossil.

ROBINIA AND BIRCH LEAVES

ROBINIA LEAVES

BIRCH LEAVES

Age: 54-37 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

Today, Robinia live mainly in North America, Europe and regions of Asia that enjoy temperate climates. Birches that belong to the family Betulaceae are also widespread in temperate climates. Fossils of these plants evidence that birches have not gone through any evolutionary process. For tens of millions of years, Robinia and birch trees have remained in their original form to reveal that evolution is a lie and Creation is an obvious fact.

WILLOW

Age: 54-37 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

Willows are deciduous trees that belong to the Salicaceae family. Like all other plant species, willows have remained unchanged for millions of years. In other words, they have not gone through evolution. Willows, simply refuting Darwinists’ claims of gradual evolution, once again verify that God created them, together with all living beings. The 54- to 37- million-year-old willow leaf fossil pictured is one important piece of evidence.

FERN

Age: 300 million years
Period: Upper Carboniferous
Location: Crock Hey Open Cast Quarry, Wigan, Lancashire, United Kingdom

Living organisms that remained unchanged for hundreds of millions of years refute all Darwinist claims regarding the origins and development of life. Darwinists claim that living beings undergo constant genetic change that results in evolution. Fossils, on the other hand, reveal that living beings have never changed since the first moment they appeared. The meaning is clear: Living beings have not evolved, but were created by Almighty God.

MOUNTAIN ASH BRANCH

Age: 54-37 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

Mountain ash is a tree of the genus Sorbus, widespread in cooler regions of North America. One of the findings that put Darwinists in an impasse is the fossil of a plant like this, which reveals that the tree in question has never, in any period of history, undergone any evolutionary process. The 54- to 37-million-year-old fossil pictured is one of these findings, proving that mountain ash trees have remained the same for tens of millions of years; and that God created them.

SERVICEBERRY LEAF

Age: 54-37 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

The serviceberry (Amelanchier) is a genus of deciduous trees and large shrubs, widely distributed in the temperate Northern Hemisphere. Most of the species occur in North America, and one single species grows in Europe and Asia. The serviceberry leaf fossil pictured once again shows that evolution is merely a figment of imagination. Serviceberry trees have always remained as serviceberries; they have not come into being by gradual changes from any other species of plant—which effectively silences Darwinists.

MAGNOLIA LEAF

Age: 54-37 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

95-million-year-old fossil specimens of magnolia trees reveal the same structure and features as ones living today. Magnolia trees that lived 95 million years ago, those that lived 50 million years ago, and those living today are all identical. This fact alone is enough to invalidate Darwinists’ claim that living species evolved from one another via gradual changes. Living organisms have not undergone evolution, but were created.

SERVICEBERRY LEAF

Age: 54-37 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

Serviceberry is a small deciduous tree with alternate or finely serrated leaves, 2 to 10 centimeters (0.7 to 3.9 in) long and 1 to 4 centimeters (0.3 to 1.5 in) across. The fossilized serviceberry leaf pictured has also the same features, but lived 54 to 37 million years ago, during the Eocene period. This is obvious evidence that this tree has not undergone any evolution. With its leaves and flowers, serviceberry retains the same features as the day it was first created.

ELM LEAF

Age: 50 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

The fossilized elm leaf pictured lived 50 million years ago. In its structure and appearance, this fossil reveals that elms have not gone through any changes for 50 million years. If a living species undergoes not the slightest change for 50 million years, it is by no means possible to say that this species has evolved. This logic, as revealed in this elm leaf, is valid for all other living species. They have not come into existence by evolving via random coincidences, but were created.

SERVICEBERRY LEAF WITH SEQUOIA STEM

Serviceberry leaf

Sequoia branch

Age: 50 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

This serviceberry leaf, fossilized together with a sequoia stem, is 50 million years old and reveals that for all that time, both species have remained the same. In the face of such fossil findings, Darwinists can never explain how plants first originated.

Pierre-Paul Grassé explains that mutation—one of evolution’s conjectural mechanisms—and chance can never explain the occurrence of plants:

The opportune appearance of mutations permitting animals and plants to meet their needs seems hard to believe. Yet the Darwinian theory is even more demanding: A single plant, a single animal would require thousands and thousands of lucky, appropriate events. Thus, miracles would become the rule: events with an infinitesimal probability could not fail to occur . . . There is no law against daydreaming, but science must not indulge in it. (Pierre-Paul Grassé, Evolution of Living Organisms, Academic Press, New York, 1977, p. 103.)

MAGNOLIA LEAF

Age: 54-37 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

The magnolia tree, named after French botanist Pierre Magnol, is a large genus comprising about 210 species. The fossil pictured is about 50 million years old. Magnolias, as shown by other 95-million-year-old fossils, have always remained as magnolias since the moment they existed. They have neither evolved from any other plants, nor turned into any other species. Fossil record remains to be one of the most important proofs of this fact.

GINKGO LEAF

Age: 50 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

Biologist Francis Hitching states that the millions of fossil specimens gathered so far do not support Darwin’s theory of evolution:

If we find fossils, and if Darwin’s theory was right, we can predict what the rock should contain; finely graduated fossils leading from one group of creatures to another group of creatures at a higher level of complexity. The “minor improvements” in successive generations should be as readily preserved as the species themselves. But this is hardly ever the case. In fact, the opposite holds true . . . (Francis Hitching, The Neck of the Giraffe: Where Darwin Went Wrong, New Haven: Ticknor and Fields, 1982, p. 40.)

Just as Francis Hitching said, the fossil pictured shows that ginkgo leaves have remained the same for 50 million years, also showing the inaccuracy of Darwinist claims.

MAGNOLIA LEAF

Age: 50 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

So far, many plant fossils have been uncovered. All of them share a common characteristic: They are all flawless and identical to plants alive today. For instance, it is an established fact that billions of years ago, algae—which evolutionists present as primitive cells and claim to be the ancestor of all plants—had the very same characteristics as they do today.

Besides, it is impossible to explain the occurrence of photosynthesis by chance. Turkish evolutionist Ali Demirsoy expresses this impossibility:

Photosynthesis is a rather complicated event, and it seems impossible for it to emerge in an organelle inside a cell (because it is impossible for all the stages to have come about at once, and it is meaningless for them to have emerged separately). (Prof. Dr. Ali Demirsoy, Kalitim ve Evrim [Inheritance and Evolution], Ankara: Meteksan Publications, p. 80.)

HORNBEAM LEAF ON STEM

Age: 54-37 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

Hornbeams of between 30 and 40 different species occur across much of the North Temperate regions, with the greatest number of species in East Asia, particularly China. Only two species occur in Europe, and only one in eastern North America. Fossil findings reveal that hornbeams alive today and those that lived tens of millions of years ago were no different. Hornbeams, which have survived for millions of years without any changes, challenge Darwinist claims and proclaim Creation as an obvious fact.

SOAPBERRY LEAF

Age: 50 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

Through almost unceasing propaganda, Darwinist publications try to show evolution as a scientific theory, inculcating the lie that “Evolution is scientific.” However many scientists—including evolutionists—point out that Darwin’s theory is far from being supported by any scientific evidence. One of them, the Turkish evolutionist Cemal Yildirim, expresses how evolution lacks scientific support:

No scientist (whether be Darwinist or neo-Darwinist) can suggest the notion that the theory of evolution is proved. (Cemal Yildirim, Evrim Kurami ve Bagnazlik [The Theory of Evolution and Bigotry], Bilgi Publishing, January 1989, pp. 56-57.)

As Darwinists also confess, although there exists not a single scientific finding supporting evolution, countless fossils prove that living species were created. One of these is the 50-million-year-old fossilized soapberry leaf pictured here.

FERN

Age: 300 million years
Period: Carboniferous
Location: Saint Clair, Pennsylvania, USA

During excavations over the past 150 years, not a single half-developed, supposedly primitive plant fossil possessing the features of two different species (for instance, a half-fern, half-shrub) has been found. This demolishes any claim that plants have evolved. Other findings that invalidate this claim are the countless fossils of plants still living today. The 300 million-year-old fern is one of these “living fossils” that reveals that evolution is a deception.

PINE CONE

Age: 65-23 million years
Period: Early Tertiary
Location: New Bamberg, Germany

The structure of cones, organs on conifers that contain the plant’s ovaries, has remained the same for millions of years, as with the structures of all other living species. This cone, 65 to 23 million years old, and identical ones of our day are one of the important examples revealing that throughout these long ages, evolution has never occurred.

FERN

Age: 320 million years
Period: Carboniferous
Location: Lancashire, United Kingdom

Fossil findings have put evolutionists in such a position that they can no longer defend their claims regarding the origins of plants. N.F. Hughes, an evolutionist paleobotanist, confesses as such:

. . . With few exceptions of detail, however, the failure to find a satisfactory explanation has persisted, and many botanists have concluded that the problem is not capable of solution, by use of fossil evidence. (N. F. Hughes, Paleobiology of Angiosperm Origins: Problems of Mesozoic Seed-Plant Evolution, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976, pp. 1-2.)

One of the specimens that make it impossible for Darwinists to defend the theory of evolution is the 320-million-year-old fern pictured. Evolutionists fail to give any explanation for this example, which is one of the countless fossils showing that plants have not evolved, but were created by God.

SYCAMORE BRANCH WITH SEED PODS

Age: 37-23 million years
Period: Oligocene
Location: Bonanza, Utah, USA

Evolutionists claim that plants originated from a common ancestor, yet they fail to offer a single scientific finding to prove it. On the other hand, innumerable findings show that plants were separately created, with features distinct to each species, and that they did not evolve. One of these is the 37- to 23-million-year-old sycamore branch that fossilized together with its seed pods. This fossil, which is no different from the sycamores alive today, invalidates the theory of evolution.

FIGS

Age: 70 million years
Period: Upper Cretaceous
Location: Hell Creek Formation, Montana, USA

A fig is the fruit of Figus, a genus of about 800 species of woody trees and shrubs. The 70-million-year-old fig fossil pictured reveals that evolutionists are unable to explain the origins of plants, along with that of animals. Other than a few speculations, the theory of evolution offers no information regarding the origins of tens of thousands of plants and their fruits and flowers. Moreover, all of these speculations are refuted by actual fossil findings.

SEED FERN

Age: 308-294 million years
Period: Carboniferous
Location: Jastrzebie, Poland

The seed fern fossil pictured is about 308 million years old, and it challenges evolution with its structure, unchanged for hundreds of millions of years.

If the claims that living species develop by constantly changing were true, then during the hundreds of millions of years, ferns should have evolved into trees and germ cells had to change and develop totally different structures. But despite those 300 million years, no such change has been experienced and it will not happen in the future. Ferns of today are identical to those ferns that lived hundreds of millions of years ago. They have never experienced any evolutionary process, but were created with all their current features.

SEED FERN

Age: 308-294 million years
Period: Carboniferous
Location: Czerwionka, Poland

A fern is any of a group of plants classified in the phylum of Pteridophyta. Most species grow in damp environments, in between rocks or under trees. This example has survived to our day with no changes since the beginning of the Carboniferous period.

Along with leaves, the fossil record also provides specimens of fern spores. Spores are the single-celled reproductive bodies existing in some plants that are highly resistant to negative conditions. Ferns that reproduce through spores bear sporangia under their leaves that contain these cells.

Pictured is the underside of a fern leaf, which possesses the sporangia. For hundreds of millions of years, ferns have been reproducing in the same way and have preserved their physical features. Evolutionists, who claim that living species have gradually developed and constantly change, cannot explain this situation in any convincing scientific manner. This unchanging state of living species’ structure shows that evolution has never occurred, that our Lord created them all.

ELM LEAF

Age: 50 million years
Period: Eocene
Location: Cache Creek Formation, British Columbia, Canada

Darwin himself was aware that his theory was contradictory, inconsistent and unrealistic and expressed his concerns in his articles and letters. For instance, in a letter to his close friend Asa Gray, a Harvard biology professor, he wrote that his theory of evolution was only a speculation:

I am quite conscious that my speculations run quite beyond the bounds of true science. (N.C. Gillespie, Charles Darwin and the Problem of Creation, 1979, p. 2.)

After Darwin, many scientists confirmed that the theory of evolution has no value and that it is only speculative. One of the branches of science that confirmed this was paleontology. All fossils collected so far demonstrate that evolution has never occurred with any of them. One fossil displaying this fact is the 50-million-year-old elm leaf fossil pictured.